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Objective:To study the differences in the cumulative dose between deformable image registration (DIR) and simple dose-volume histogram (DVH) summation in the fractionated brachytherapy of cervical cancer, and to analyze the feasibility of the application of DIR in the dosimetry assessment of targets and organs-at-risk (OARs) in the brachytherapy.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted for 13 cases with primary cervical cancer treated with four fractions of interstitial brachytherapy guided by CT images. The four CT images of each cases were registered using an intensity-based DIR. Then, the cumulative doses (the D2 cm 3, D1 cm 3, and D0.1 cm 3 of the bladder, rectum, intestine, and colon and the D90for targets) after DIR were calculated and compared to those obtained using simple DVH summation. Afterward, the correlation between the dose difference and dice similarity coefficient (DSC) was analyzed. With the dose difference (the remaining dose of OARs caused by the DIR) as limits, a new plan was made for the latest CT to calculate the dose increase to targets. Results:Compared to simple DVH summation, DIR allowed the cumulative doses of the D2 cm 3 and D1 cm 3 of bladder to be decreased by (2.47±1.92) and (2.82±2.73) Gy, respectively on average ( t=-3.65, -2.93, P < 0.05), those of the D2 cm 3, D1 cm 3, and D0.1 cm 3 of rectum to be decreased by (2.05 ± 1.61) Gy, (1.51 ± 1.58), and (3.21 ± 2.50) Gy, respectively on average ( t=-4.02, -3.02, -4.06, P < 0.05), and those of the D2 cm 3, D1 cm 3, and D0.1 cm 3 to be decreased by (1.42 ± 0.99), (1.55 ± 1.28) Gy, and (2.43 ± 1.95) Gy, respectively on average ( t=-3.52, -2.96, -3.06, P < 0.05). There was no significant statistical difference in the D90 of targets, the D0.1 cm 3 of the bladder, and the D2 cm 3, D1 cm 3, D0.1 cm 3 of the colon ( P > 0.05) between both methods, and there was no distinct correlation between DSC and dose difference ( P > 0.05). The DIR increased the dose to targets, with a median value of 150 cGy. However, the accuracy of the DIR should be improved. Conclusions:In clinical practice of multiple fractions of brachytherapy for cervical cancer, it′s still recommended to adopt the simple dose summation method to assess the doses to targets and OARs.
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Objective:To investigate the relationship between caspase recruitment domain protein 9 (CARD9) gene polymorphism and the risk of sepsis related liver injury.Methods:A case-control study was conducted to recruit 122 patients with sepsis in intensive care unit (ICU). The septic patients with liver injury were divided into the liver injury group ( n=66), and the patients without liver injury were set as the control group ( n=60). TaqMan genotyping technique was performed to detected the six single nucleotide polymorphisms of CARD9 gene in peripheral blood, and the baseline data of the two groups were observed. The differences of genotype distribution and allele frequency between the two groups were compared, and the odds ratios ( OR) were calculated. Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used for normal distribution test, the measurement data that do not conform to the normal distribution are expressed in M ( Q1, Q3), and the Mann Whitney U test was used for the comparison between the two groups. The comparison of counting data between groups was adopted χ 2 inspection and Fisher exact probability method. χ 2 test is used to determine whether the genotype distribution conforms to hardy Weinberg equilibrium test. Results:Compared with the control group, the CC genotype distribution of rs10781500 locus of CARD9 gene in liver injury group was significantly increased (19 vs. 36, χ 2=6.87, P=0.033), and sepsis patients with C allele are more likely to induce liver injury ( OR=1.375, 95% CI 1.024-1.846, P=0.023). Patients with CC genotype have a higher risk of liver injury ( OR=2.696, 95% CI 1.238-5.869, P=0.012). In the liver injury group, the alanine aminotransferase and SOFA score in CC genotype at re10781500 locus were significantly higher than those in non-CC genotype (310 (213, 648) U/L vs. 187 (114, 304) U/L, Z=3.32, P=0.001 and 9 (6, 14) points vs. 7 (5, 9) points, Z=2.49, P=0.013). Conclusion:The CC genotype at rs10781500 locus of CARD9 gene was associated with sepsis-induced liver injury, and the C allele may be a susceptibility gene.
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Objective:To establish a dosimetric method based on the well-chamber to verify the accuracy of the source positioning and dwelling time for the afterloading machine, aiming to provide a new method for the quality control of afterloading machine.Methods:The principle of this method was explained according to the hardware structure of the well-chamber. Then, the precision of this method was analyzed by the simulation test and data fitting. The feasibility test was also performed. And the advantages and disadvantages of this method were compared with those of the traditional method.Results:The precision of this method for detecting the source positioning was 0.07 mm and the dwelling time was 0.09 s, respectively. In the feasibility test, the standard deviation of the measure value was below 3%.Conclusions:The well-chamber method has high precision and convenient operation. It can be applied in the rapid verification of the relative accuracy of the source positioning and dwelling time of well-chamber.
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Objective:To evaluate the combined effect of an trajectory log field based(LBF)and two commercial dose reconstruction systems on volume-modulated arc therapy(VMAT)dose verification of lung cancer.Methods:An in-house program was developed to introduce errors in trajectory log of TrueBeam to the origin plan and recalculate the dose of the error plan in treatment planning system(TPS). A total of 18 lung cancer cases treated by two-arc VMAT were selected to perform on LINAC and measured by ArcCheck simultaneously. Then, the reconstructed doses were obtained by 3DVH. The mode of reconstruction was calculated by LFB and Compass. Five of the 18 cases were performed on LINAC two times in four hours and measured by ArcCheck to evaluate the stability of the TrueBeam performance. The 18 plans were recalculated and performed on LINAC with a solid water phantom with 5 cm build-up, 4 cm back scattering thickness and a FC65-G detector in the center. The measured dose by detector was compared with the reconstructed dose by three systems.Results:TheTruebeam performance was stable. For all of the 18 cases, the point dose measured by FC65-G and reconstructed by three systems had a deviation of less than 2% to the TPS calculated. For all of the organs reconstructed by LBF and most organs reconstructed by 3DVH and Compass, the γ pass rate between them and TPS all exceeded 90% under all criteria, as well as the ArcCheck measured results. For all the organ dose difference between reconstructed and TPS, LBF system had the smallest difference, followed by the Compass system except the lung, and the 3DVH had the highest difference.Conclusions:LBF, 3DVH and Compass can reflect the VMAT dose verification results of lung cancer from different perspectives. The combined application of three systems can demonstrate the verification results in an intuitive manner, which is beneficial for subsequent analysis.
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Objective:To investigate the clinical effect of Jiedu Limai decoction in septic patients with syndrome of heat-toxin exuberance.Methods:A prospective randomized controlled trial was conducted. From March 2019 to April 2020, septic patients with syndrome of heat-toxin exuberance admitted to intensive care unit (ICU) of Shanghai General Hospital and Songjiang Branch of Shanghai General Hospital were enrolled as the research objects, and they were divided into routine treatment group and Jiedu Limai decoction group by the random number table method. Patients in both groups were given standard treatment in accordance with the guidelines, and patients in the Jiedu Limai decoction group were given Jiedu Limai decoction in addition to the standard treatment, once a day for 14 days. The 28-day survival of patients of the two groups were recorded, the acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ (APACHEⅡ) score, sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score, coagulation indexes, infection indexes, inflammatory cytokines and organ function indicators before treatment and 7 days after treatment in both groups were recorded, and the prognosis of the two groups were recorded.Results:A total of 259 patients with infection or clinical diagnosis of infection admitted during the experimental observation period were included, and those who did not meet the Sepsis-3 diagnostic criteria, more than 80 years old or less than 18 years old, with multiple tumor metastases, autoimmune system diseases, with length of ICU stay less than 24 hours, with acute active gastrointestinal bleeding and with incomplete data were excluded. One hundred patients were finally enrolled, with 50 patients in the routine treatment group and 50 patients in the Jiedu Limai decoction group. There were no statistically significant differences in coagulation indexes, infection indicators, inflammatory cytokines and organ function indicators before treatment between the two groups. After 7 days of treatment, the coagulation indexes, infection biomarkers and inflammatory cytokines in the Jiedu Limai decoction group were significantly lower than those in the routine treatment group [D-dimer (mg/L): 2.2 (1.8, 8.5) vs. 4.0 (1.5, 8.7), fibrinogen (Fib, g/L): 3.7 (3.4, 4.3) vs. 4.2 (3.7, 4.3), fibrinogen degradation product (FDP, mg/L): 7.2 (5.4, 10.2) vs. 13.2 (9.2, 15.2), procalcitonin (PCT, μg/L): 0.4 (0.2, 2.9) vs. 0.5 (0.2, 0.9), C-reactive protein (CRP, mg/L): 50.1 (9.5, 116.0) vs. 75.1 (23.5, 115.2), interleukin-6 (IL-6, ng/L): 31.6 (21.6, 81.0) vs. 44.1 (14.0, 71.3), all P < 0.05], and the levels of B-type brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) were significantly lowered [BNP (ng/L): 261.1 (87.5, 360.3) vs. 347.3 (128.8, 439.4), KIM-1 (μg/L): 0.86 (0.01, 1.40) vs. 1.24 (1.05, 1.57), both P < 0.05]. Compared with the routine treatment group, the number of new organ failure in the Jiedu Limai decoction group was decreased (30.0% vs. 50.0%, P < 0.05). Although there was no significant difference in 28-day mortality between the two groups ( P > 0.05), the 28-day mortality in the Jiedu Limai decoction group was lower than that in the routine treatment group (18.0% vs. 24.0%). Conclusion:Combining Jiedu Limai decoction to the sepsis guideline in treating syndrome of heat-toxin exuberance can effectively improve patients' coagulation function, the situation of heart and renal injury, reduce the level of inflammatory cytokines, and fewer people develop new organ failure after treatment.
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Objective@#To study the feasibility of using the PTW729 2D array ion-chamber to verify the relative dose distribution calculated with the Acuros BV algorithm. Both advantages and disadvantages of the method were analyzed to provide reference for practical clinical practices.@*Methods@#Based on self-built measurement phantoms, the dose distribution on the same slice of the phantom was measured with PTW729 and film, respectively, under the same measurement condition and plan. The dose distributions obtained by the two method were compared with the result calculated with Acuros BV, separately, by using γ analytical tool. And the stability of the PTW729 was tested.@*Results@#The γ comparison value was 95.9% between the film and Acuros BV, 98.9% between the PTW729 and Acuros BV and 88.0% between the film and PTW729, with 95.0%, 100.0%, and 100.0%, in their stability test respectively.@*Conclusions@#PTW729 2D array ion-chamber can be applied to the rapid verification of Acuros BV algorithm-calculated relative dose distribution.
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Objective To study the feasibility of using the PTW729 2D array ion-chamber to verify the relative dose distribution calculated with the Acuros BV algorithm.Both advantages and disadvantages of the method were analyzed to provide reference for practical clinical practices.Methods Based on self-built measurement phantoms,the dose distribution on the same slice of the phantom was measured with PTW729 and film,respectively,under the same measurement condition and plan.The dose distributions obtained by the two method were compared with the result calculated with Acuros BV,separately,by using γ analytical tool.And the stability of the PTW729 was tested.Results The γ comparison value was 95.9％ between the film and Acuros BV,98.9％ between the PTW729 and Acuros BV and 88.0％ between the film and PTW729,with 95.0％,i00.0％,and 100.0％,in their stability test respectively.Conclusions PTW729 2D array ion-chamber can be applied to the rapid verification of Acuros BV algorithm-calculated relative dose distribution.
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Objective To establish and evaluate a morning check system for linac based on electronic portal image device (EPID).Methods Delivered fluence maps of open and wedge fields at 10 cm×10 cm field size of Synergy Linac were measured by EPID.Figure features from these two images were extracted with matlab codes and analyzed to realize a quick morning check.The repeatability of dose response and mechanical setup,relationship between gray value and machine unit (MU),accuracy of output and field size test were investigated with both EPID and DailyQA3.The status of Synergy linac was monitored both by DailyQA3 and EPID for two months.Results EPID was able to test the linac consistently with a testing error of 0.50 mm,1.00 mm for field size and center,respectively.Both of the test accuracy for flatness and symmetry was 0.17％.The mechanical accuracy test and dosimetric repeatability test were also consistent.The dose response of EPID was linearly related to the linac output (R2＞0.999).EPID was highly sensitive to the change of output and radiation field size.The measurement deviations between EPID and DailyQA3 were consistent and within clinical acceptable tolerance.Conclusions EPID showed great accuracy and stability on monitoring the performance of linac.The established daily check tool based-on EPID is accurate and reliable for clinical usage.
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Objective To investigate the effect of exogenous thyroxine on the regeneration and repair of central nervous system in rats with severe traumatic brain injury.Methods A total of 108 male SD rats were randomly divided into Group A (normal group),Group B (thyroxine group),Group C (TBI group),Group D [TBI + low dose of thyroxine (6.5 μg/kg) group],Group E [TBI + medium dose of thyroxine (10 μg/kg) group)] and Group F [TBI +high dose of thyroxine (15.4 μg/kg)] by random number table method,with 18 rats in each group.The animal model was established according to the Feeney method.Groups A and C were given saline and thyroxine 6 hours after TBI.At 1 day,3 days and 7 days after injury,six rats were selected from each group according to random number table method for brain tissue harvest.The pathological changes of brain tissues were observed,and the expressions of Wnt3a and β-catenin,brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and nerve growth factor (NGF) were detected by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry respectively.Results (1) There were no pathological changes in brain tissue in Groups A and B.The pathological changes in brain tissue of TBI rats in Groups D,E and F were significantly mitigated than those in Group C,and the effect of Groups E and F were more obvious.(2) RT-PCR showed that the expressions of Wnt3a and β-catenin mRNA in hippocampus of Group D at 7 days after injury were significantly higher [(6.46±2.02) vs.(4.08 ±1.06);(13.53 ±1.64) vs.(2.11 ±0.63);P＜0.05);Wnt3a mRNA expression of Groups E and F were increased significantly at 3 days and 7 days after injury [(5.45 ± 1.54) vs.(2.78±1.04),(8.59±1.88) vs.(4.08 ±1.06),(5.40±1.38) vs.(2.78±1.04),(8.63±1.74) vs.(4.08± 1.06);P ＜ 0.05)].The expressions of β-catenin mRNA were increased significantly at 1 day,3 days,and 7 days after injury [(3.10 ± 0.59) vs.(1.45±0.28),(5.28±0.62) vs.(1.45±0.28),(4.12±0.43) vs.(1.64± 0.31),(8.78±0.92) vs.(1.64±0.31),(23.80±2.38)vs.(2.11±0.63),(25.94±3.79) vs.(2.11 ± 0.63);P ＜ 0.05)].The expressions of Wnt3a and β-catenin in hippocampus of Group B did not change significantly.(3) Immunohistochemical staining showed that the expression of BDNF and NGF in hippocampus of B did not change significantly after thyroxine treatment,but that of BDNF and NGF in Group D did not change significantly after treatment.The expressions of BDNF and NGF of Groups E and F were significandy higher than that in Group C and reached the peak at 3 days after injury [BDNF:(77.3 ± 5.4) vs.(55.0 ± 5.6),(78.0 ± 7.8) vs.(55.0±5.6);NGF:(83.7±5.8) vs.(62.2±10.3),(86.8±4.8) vs.(62.2 ±10.3);P＜0.05].Conclusions Exogenous thyroxine has no effect on the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in normal rats.But exogenous thyroxine can significantly promote the centralis regeneration and repair in TBI rats,which might be associated with its role in upregnlating the expression of mRNA and increasing the secretion of BDNF and NGF.
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Objective To investigate the commissioning and testing of the Eclipse model of an Edge accelerator with high-definition muhi-leaf collimator (HD-MLC).Methods The percentage depth dose (PDD),profile,output factor measured by Razor and CC13 were statistically compared with the standard data.Penumbra,transmission factor (TF),leakage,concave-convex groove,accuracy of movement and dosimetry leaf gap (DLG) were measured with EBT3,electronic portal image device (EPID) and PTW SRS1000&SRS1500.The optimal DLG/TF was acquired when the γ pass rate of test cases was the highest.The point dose of regular fields,intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) and volume-modulated radiation therapy (VMAT) was verified with FC65-G.The planar dose of these case was verified with Octavius 4D and EBT3.Results The measured PDD data were consistent with the standard data.The measured penumbra of 3 cm and 4 cm square fields was smaller,whereas that of 6 cm square field was larger than the standard values.The left and right edge,field size,center of the field were distributed within the range of-1.0-0.4 mm、0.2-1.7 mm,-0.3-1.9 mm and-0.1-0.8 mm,respectively.The mean penumbra of the left and right MLC in different positions were (2.5±0.042) mm and (2.7±0.005) mm.The leakage of MLC was 0.009-0.016.The measured DLG/TF was 0.1861 cm/0.0116 and the optimal DLG/TF was 0.015 cm/0.014.The differences of point dose of all the test cases except the one which was in the low-dose area were within ±3％.Local and global γ pass rates of all IMRT were 79.81％-100％ and 96.3％-100％ (3％/3 mm),71.3％-98.9％ and 94.3％-99.8％ for VMAT cases.Conclusions This method can accurately test and commission the Eclipse treatment planning model of Edge Linac equipped with HD-MLC.
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Objective To evaluate the value of fiber bronchoscope brush liquid based cytology in diagnosis and classification diagnosis of lung cancer.Methods Eigh hundreds and seventeen cases of lung cancer were retrospectively analyzed.All cases con-ducted the fiber bronchoscopy brush liquid based cytology exmination and histopathological examination.Then their results were compared.Results Three hundreds and sixty-eight casesof lung cancer were diagnosed by fiber bronchoscopy brush liquid based cy-tology,invluding 177 cases of squamous cell carcinoma,84 cases of adenocarcinoma and 68 cases of small cell carcinoma,and 15 ca-ses were separately diagnosed as lung cancer.The sensitivity of was 44.01%,specifity rate was 94.40%,positive predictive value was 95.92%,negative predictive value was 36.04%,and the Kappa value was 0.250,there was statistically significant difference compared with the histopathological examination(P<0.01).Conclusion Fiber bronchoscopy brush liquid based cytology examina-tion is a high specificity method to diagnose lung cancer.
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Objective To explore the motion features of cervical spine based on continuous X-ray images.Methods The cervical spontaneous continuous multi-frame sagittal images from flexion to extention positions were selected from cervical spondylosis patients (patients group) and healthy adult (normal group).After preprocessing and registration,the trajectory of single vertebral body were recorded,and the feature points of each vertebral body were extracted.Meanwhile,the rel ative geometry parameters and movement rate were calculated.Results The motion trajectory of patients' cervical spine C4-6 were different from healthy people.The angles between the left edge curve of the vertebral body (C4 and C5 vertebra) and the baseline of patients group were smaller than those of normal group in flexion position (all P＜0.05).There were instability in the movement of C4 vertebral body in patient group,and the volatility of the angle change,the rate of change and the frequency were larger.The relative position change of the adjacent single vertebral body in the patient group are smaller.Conclusion Through the preprocessing,registration,parameter extraction and result analysis,the changes of functional features in cervical spondylosis patients are truly reflected.And it also provides a new idea for dynamic analysis of cervical vertebrae based on X-ray images.
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Objective@#To analyze factors influencing antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients receiving ART at the town level in Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture (Ili) in May 2015 and to document enhanced ART for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) cases.@*Methods@#A cross-sectional survey was conducted using one-on-one interviews and data collection from the system of AIDS follow-up management in three ART services centers at the town level of Ili. The subjects were HIV-infected individuals, aged 18 years or older, who were receiving ART during the survey. The surveys collected demographic characteristics, information related to ART and status of engaging ART, smoking and drinking behavior, depression, and quality of life.@*Results@#A total of 412 participants completed the survey. The age was (41.1±8.0) years (range, 19-67 years). Approximately 60.9% (251) were male and 39.1% (161) were female. The survey showed that 75.0% (309) of participants were in good adherence and the P50 (P25, P75) of quality of life was 56.31 (50.55, 59.42). Females demonstrated better adherence to ART (82.6% (n=133)) than males (70.1% (n=76)) (χ2=8.16, P=0.005). The compliance rate of participants (78.0% (n=54)) with depression was higher than non-depressed participants (63.5% (n=255)) (χ2=7.52, P=0.008). Multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that the probability of good adherence to ART increased with increasing quality of life (OR=1.06, 95%CI:1.02-1.09). Moreover, participants who consumed alcohol or disclosed their HIV infection status to families were less likely to have good adherence to ART (OR=0.26, 95% CI:0.13-0.53 and OR=0.31, 95% CI:0.13-0.72, respectively). Additionally, employed participants were also less likely to have good adherence to ART compared with unemployed participants (OR=0.45, 95% CI:0.21-0.97).@*Conclusion@#HIV/AIDS patients primarily showed good adherence to ART. Factors related to ART adherence included alcohol consumption, informing family of infection, work status, and quality of life.
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Objective To investigate the causes and factors of hemoglobinuria in patients with thrombosis after AngioJet mechanical thrombectomy.Methods The clinical data of 16 patients with thrombosis treated by AngioJet thrombectomy system were retrospectively analyzed.Nine patients with hemoglobinuria during the procedure were included in group A,while 7 patients without hemoglobinuria in group B.The type of surgical procedure,time of intraoperative aspiration and the thrombus volume were compared between both groups.Results Nine (9/16,56.23 ％) of 16 patients were found hemoglobinuria during and after AngioJet mechanical thrombectomy.There were no statistically significant differences in surgical approaches (x2 =1.667,P=0.197),the time of intraoperative aspiration ([320.11±108.80]s vs [265.29±31.46]s,t=0.741,P=0.457),the thrombus volume (x2=0.442,P=0.506) between both groups.No renal function failure were noted directly relating to the use of the AngioJet thrombectomy device.Condusion There are many factors influenced the occurrence of hemoglobinuria in the patients after AngioJet thrombectomy.It can be reduced by using reasonable type of intraoperative aspiration,controled time of aspiration and active perioperative symptomatic treatment.
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Objective To develop a curriculum system for social communication disorders rehabilitation in children with autism based on humanoid robot. Methods The curriculum was developed through the robot programming and the structure hierarchy of the curriculum. It was applied in three children with autism. Results and Conclusion The curriculum has been developed. All the children concentrated in the class, with few emotive disorders.
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Objective To analyze the distribution and antimicrobial resistance of Escherichia coli (E.coli)causing infection in a county hospital,and provide basis for clinical treatment of E.coli infection.Methods From 2012 to 2014,all kinds of clinical specimens in a hospital were performed bacterial culture,identification,and antimicrobial susceptibility testing;extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs )were initially screened by broth microdilution method,and confirmed by disc diffusion method;data were statistically analyzed by WHONET 5.6 and SPSS 19.0 software.Results 271 isolates of E.coli were detected,and mainly isolated from midstream urine (26.94%).The detection rate of ESBLs-producing E.coli was 49.82%,most were isolated from sputum specimens (56.52%), but there was no significant difference in detection rates of ESBLs-producing E.coli isolated from different speci-mens (P >0.05).Antimicrobial susceptibility testing results showed that the resistance rate of E.coli to penicillins was the highest (> 90%),to cefalotin and cefuroxime were both > 75%,susceptibility rates to amikacin and piperacillin/ tazobactam were both high (resistance rates < 10%),carbapenem-resistant strain was not found, resistance rates of ESBLs-producing strains to most antimicrobial agents were significantly higher than non-ESBLs-producing strains.Conclusion E.coli is mainly isolated from midstream urine specimens,antimicrobial resistance of ESBL-producing strains is more serious.
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Mental fatigue is an important factor of human health and safety. It is important to achieve dynamic mental fatigue detection by using electroencephalogram (EEG) signals for fatigue prevention and job performance improvement. We in our study induced subjects' mental fatigue with 30 h sleep deprivation (SD) in the experiment. We extracted EEG features, including relative power, power ratio, center of gravity frequency (CGF), and basic relative power ratio. Then we built mental fatigue prediction model by using regression analysis. And we conducted lead optimization for prediction model. Result showed that R2 of prediction model could reach to 0.932. After lead optimization, 4 leads were used to build prediction model, in which R' could reach to 0.811. It can meet the daily applicatioi accuracy of mental fatigue prediction.
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Humans , Electroencephalography , Mental Fatigue , Models, Biological , Sleep DeprivationABSTRACT
Vigilance is defined as the ability to maintain attention for prolonged periods of time. In order to explore the variation of brain vigilance in work process, we designed addition and subtraction experiment with numbers of three digits to induce the vigilance to change, combined it with psychomotor vigilance task (PVT) to measure this process of electroencephalogram (EEG), extracted and analyzed permutation entropy (PE) of 11 cases of subjects' EEG and made a brief comparison with nonlinear parameter sample entropy (SE). The experimental results showed that: PE could well reflect the dynamic changes of EEG when vigilance decreases, and has advantages of fast arithmetic speed, high noise immunity, and low requirements for EEG length. This can be used as a measure of the brain vigilance indicators.
Subject(s)
Humans , Attention , Brain , Physiology , Electroencephalography , Entropy , MathematicsABSTRACT
@#A series of farnesylthiosalicylamide derivatives(9a-9k)were designed and synthesized via condensating the carboxyl of farnesylthiosalicylic acid(FTS)with different amines, and the in vitro biological activity was evaluated. It was observed that eight of them displayed strong antitumor activity against five human cancer cells in vitro. Notably, compound 9k exhibited the most active with the IC50 values of 6. 05-8. 16 μmol/L range against the tested cancer cells, which were superior to those of FTS and even comparable to that of sorafenib in vitro. In addition, compound 9k down-regulated the protein of Bcl-2 and increased the expression levels of Bax and caspase-3 proteins, indicating that compound 9k could induce tumor cell apoptosis.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the role of iASPP as the target gene of miR-124a in neural development.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Using the online bioinformatical tool (TargetScan) and by reviewing the relevant studies, we selected iASPP as the candidate target gene of miR-124a involved in early-stage neuronal differentiation. Luciferase reporter assay was used to verify the candidate gene. We transfected M17 cells with a miR-124a overexpression plasmid and detected the changes in the protein expression of iASPP using Western blotting. With retinoic acid-induced M17 cells as the neuronal differentiation model, the role of iASPP in early-stage neuronal differentiation was investigated by gene overexpression and gene interference techniques.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>miR-124a inhibited the expression of iASPP in M17 cells by interacting with the 3'UTR of iASPP gene. miR-124a promoted neurite outgrowth of the cells, which was blocked by iASPP overexpression.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>miR-124a promotes neurite outgrowth of M17 cells by inhibiting iASPP expression.</p>